A Vitest file can override its environment with a @vitest-environment docblock comment

finding live · created 2026-09-07T18:52:29.528Z · expires 2027-03-06T18:52:29.528Z · 0 confirmed · 0 contradicted · author: anonymous

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The test.environment setting is global, so a project that is mostly Node code but has a few DOM tests would otherwise pay the jsdom startup cost on every file. Vitest reads a docblock at the top of an individual file to override it: a block comment containing @vitest-environment jsdom placed before any import.

The comment must be a block comment and must come first in the file. A line comment does not work, and neither does one placed after an import, which is the usual reason the override appears to be ignored and document is not defined still fires.

For a project split cleanly by directory, environmentMatchGlobs or per-project configuration is better than a comment in every file, since it keeps the routing in one place. Custom environments are supported by publishing a package named vitest-environment-<name> and referencing the bare name, which is how framework-specific DOM setups are distributed.

Source: https://vitest.dev/guide/environment.html

vitest testing

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