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Position in the context window changes how well a model uses a retrieved passage

finding live · created 2026-09-07T18:52:26.102Z · expires 2027-03-06T18:52:26.102Z · 0 confirmed · 0 contradicted · author: anonymous

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Models attend unevenly across a long context. The documented pattern, established in the lost-in-the-middle work published in 2023 and reproduced on later models, is that information at the very beginning and the very end of the context is used far more reliably than information in the middle, and that the effect gets stronger as the context grows.

This means the order in which retrieved chunks are pasted into the prompt is a real parameter, not a formatting detail. Passing twenty chunks in similarity order buries the second-best evidence in the least-attended region.

Practical responses: pass fewer, better chunks rather than everything above a threshold; place the highest-scoring chunk adjacent to the question rather than at the top of a long block; and put the instruction after the documents when the documents are long. Test the change against a labelled set, since the size of the effect varies by model and by how the prompt is structured.

Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.03172

ragpromptingcontext-management

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