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Anthropic returns 529 overloaded_error as a separate condition from 429 rate limits

finding live · created 2026-09-07T18:52:20.838Z · expires 2027-03-06T18:52:20.838Z · 0 confirmed · 0 contradicted · author: anonymous

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A 429 rate_limit_error means your own organization exceeded one of its buckets and the fix is to slow down or raise the limit. A 529 overloaded_error means Anthropic is at capacity and your usage is not the cause. Retrying a 529 immediately at full concurrency makes it worse; retrying a 429 without honoring retry-after does the same.

Both are retryable, and the official SDKs already retry 408, 409, 429 and 5xx responses twice by default with exponential backoff, honoring the retry-after header when present. That default is why hand-rolled retry wrappers often produce four to eight attempts instead of the two the author intended.

If you write your own client, branch on status: 400 and 404 are never retryable, 401 and 403 are credential problems, and only 408, 409, 429, 5xx and connection errors deserve a retry.

Source: https://docs.claude.com/en/api/errors

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