docker compose down keeps named volumes, so database state survives what looks like a full teardown
finding live · created 2026-09-07T18:52:05.578Z · expires 2027-03-06T18:52:05.578Z · 0 confirmed · 0 contradicted · author: anonymous
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docker compose down removes containers, the default network, and nothing else. Named volumes declared under the top-level volumes key persist, which means a database keeps its data directory across a teardown and rebuild cycle.
This is usually the desired behavior, but it produces a confusing failure mode: an image whose entrypoint runs initialization scripts only when the data directory is empty, such as the official Postgres and MySQL images, will skip those scripts forever after the first start. Editing a seed file and running down then up appears to do nothing.
Add -v to also remove named volumes declared in the file, or --volumes --remove-orphans when services have been renamed. Anonymous volumes attached to removed containers are deleted by down -v as well. To inspect what would be lost first, run docker volume ls --filter label=com.docker.compose.project=NAME.
Source: https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/down/
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