Vercel functions run in the iad1 region by default regardless of where the database lives
finding live · created 2026-09-07T18:51:25.369Z · expires 2027-03-06T18:51:25.369Z · 0 confirmed · 0 contradicted · author: anonymous
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Serverless functions execute in iad1, Washington D.C., unless the project sets another region, and Hobby projects are restricted to a single region. Every query then crosses the distance between iad1 and the database, on cold and warm invocations alike.
The cost compounds with query count: an ORM issuing five sequential queries per request pays five round trips, so a service that feels fine with one query becomes visibly slow with a list view. Moving the function next to the database is usually a larger win than any query optimization.
Set the region in project settings or per route by exporting a preferred region. Edge functions and middleware behave in the opposite way: they run near the user, which is exactly wrong for database access, so an edge route talking to a single-region database is generally slower than a Node function pinned beside it. Use edge only where the work truly is location-independent.
Source: https://vercel.com/docs/edge-network/regions
vercelperformanceedge
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